Peru: Backus beer company to improve plant with US$250 million program

Peru's President Alan Garcia attended a special ceremony in which the beer manufacturing company, Backus presented its investment plan for the upcoming year, LIP ... More Info

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Poland: Rising prices fail to stop record beer sales

Beer sales soared unexpectedly in the eight months to the end of August, jumping by 12% compared to the same period a year ago, ... More Info

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World: Premium beers performance is fantastic with 8% growth per year

The dynamic growth of the Premium and Superpremium sectors has been one of the global Beer market’s key recent developments, Canadean reported September 26. ... More Info

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Australia: Yatala Brewery to keep producing

Foster's Group Limited (Foster's) has hit back at claims by unions that up to 200 employees are set to take industrial action at the ... More Info

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China: Beer market still very fragmented

The Chinese beer market is still a fragmented market with the top four breweries in China controlling only 45% of the total market share, ... More Info

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Bulgaria: Bulgarian top brewery Zagorka expands

Bulgarian brewery Zagorka AD will invest 15 million EUR for extension the capacity of the brewery situated in Stara Zagora, stated company's general manager ... More Info

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Ukraine: Brewers steadily increase production capacity

Ukrainian brewers produced 22.56 mil hl of beer in January-August 2007, 17.8% more than in the same period of 2006 when the production constituted ... More Info

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Belgium: InBev to move 'maximum' 21 jobs from Leuven HQ to Czech Republic, Hungary

InBev SA said it is its 'intention' to move 'a maximum' of 21 jobs from the Belgian brewer's headquarters in Leuven, Belgium, to the ... More Info

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USA: Barley markets continue their price surge at record high levels

Backed with good feed barley export numbers and prospects of lower carryover stocks, barley prices continued on the upward journey in record-breaking areas the ... More Info

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Europe: 2007 malting barley crop again disappointing

This year’s malting barley crop in Germany has again been a disappointment, analysts of Bestmalz reported on September 26. In addition to a decline in the area of cultivation land of around 10% nationwide, a lack of rain in April also contributed to the below average crop. The low crop entails an average protein level of the delivered malting barley of around 12%. The low crop yield and the price development of the past weeks have caused the malt industry to tolerate barley with a protein level of up to 13% upon delivery. The sorting of the barley varies greatly depending on region. The changeable weather conditions during the crop led to goods containing more moisture than usual compared to last year. The main malting barley variety in Germany continues to be Braemar as well as, to a limited extent, Auriga, Belana, Pasadena and Scarlett. Trials have been conducted with the new varieties Marthe and Power.

Similar experiences have also been noted in France, the Netherlands, Austria, Czech Republic and Poland . Here, too, low crop yield and high protein levels characterise the crop; the situation is slightly better in Great Britain and Scandinavia. The most important varieties in the EU ... More Info

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Canada: CWB to allow private barley contracts

Despite a court victory maintaining its monopoly, the Canadian Wheat Board has decided to allow private contracts for about 500,000 tonnes of barley to stand, Sun Media Corporation reported September 25.

The contracts were signed after former agriculture minister Chuck Strahl announced in June that the wheat board's monopoly on barley marketing would end.

The wheat board said now that it's allowing those contracts to stand because it's important to Canada's reputation as a reliable supplier.

Demand for all grains is so keen that the wheat board expects farmers will be sweeping their bins clean.

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Authors
SVENSSON BIRTE(Technical Univ. Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Dnk) BOZONNET SOPHIE(Technical Univ. Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Dnk) BOZONNET SOPHIE(Carlsberg Lab., Copenhagen Valby, Dnk) WILLEMOEES MARTIN(Technical Univ. Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Dnk) WILLEMOEES MARTIN(Carlsberg Lab., Copenhagen Valby, Dnk) HACHEM MAHER ABOU(Technical Univ. Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Dnk) FUKUDA KENJI(Technical Univ. Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Dnk) FUKUDA KENJI(Carlsberg Lab., Copenhagen Valby, Dnk) KRAMHOFT BIRTE(Technical Univ. Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Dnk) KRAMHOFT BIRTE(Carlsberg Lab., Copenhagen Valby, Dnk) MAEDA KENJI(Technical Univ. Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Dnk) MAEDA KENJI(Carlsberg Lab., Copenhagen Valby, Dnk) HAEGGLUND PER(Technical Univ. Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Dnk) FINNIE CHRISTINE(Technical Univ. Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Dnk) BONSAGER BIRGIT C.(Technical Univ. Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Dnk) BONSAGER BIRGIT C.(Carlsberg Lab., Copenhagen Valby, Dnk) MORI HARUHIDE(Carlsberg Lab., Copenhagen Valby, Dnk) MORI HARUHIDE(Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo) SIGURSKJOLD BENT W.(Univ. Copenhagen, Dnk) ROBERT XAVIER(Ibcp, Lyon, Fra) JENSEN MALENE H.(Ibcp, Lyon, Fra) TRANIER SAMUEL(Ibcp, Lyon, Fra) AGHAJARI NUSHIN(Ibcp, Lyon, Fra) HASER RICHARD(Ibcp, Lyon, Fra) Journal Title;J Appl Glycosci

Abstract;
Barley .ALPHA.-amylase binds sugars at two sites on the enzyme surface in addition to the active site. Crystallography and site-directed mutagenesis highlight the importance of aromatic residues at these surface sites as demonstrated by Kd values determined for .BETA.-cyclodextrin by surface plasmon resonance and for starch granules by adsorption analysis. Activity towards amylopectin and amylose follows two different kinetic models, degradation of amylopectin being composed of a fast and a slow component, perhaps reflecting attack on A and B chains, respectively, whereas amylose hydrolysis follows a simple Michaelian kinetics. .BETA.-cyclodextrin binding at surface sites inhibits only the fast reaction in amylopectin degradation. Site-directed mutagenesis and activity analysis, furthermore show that one of the surface binding sites as well as individual subsites in the active site cleft have distinct roles in the multiple attack on amylose. Although the two isozymes AMY1 and AMY2 share ligands for three structural calcium ions, they differ importantly in the effect of calcium on activity and stability, AMY1 having the higher affinity and the lower stability. The role of the individual calcium ions is studied by mutagenesis, crystallography and microcalorimetry. Further improvement of recombinant AMY2 production allows future direct mutational analysis in this isozyme. Specific proteinaceous inhibitors act on .ALPHA.-amylases of different origin. In the complex of barley .ALPHA.-amylase/subtilisin inhibitor (BASI) with AMY2, a fully hydrated calcium ion at the protein interface mediates contact between inhibitor residues and the enzyme catalytic groups in a manner that depends on calcium and which can be suppressed by site-directed mutagenesis of Glu168 in BASI.... (author abst.)
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